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(Updated May 6, 2021) One of the most popular arguments of Christian apologists is the Kalām Cosmological Argument. Kalām is so-named because it originated within Islamic discipline of scholastic theology, known as Ilm al-Kalām, which is commonly abbreviated as Kalām. Its history actually predates both Islam and Christianity, going back (at least) to Plato andContinue reading “The Kalām Cosmological Argument”

Christian Apologists often attempt to use the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics as an argument against evolution. The 2nd Law states that total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time, and is constant if and only if all processes are reversible. In simple terms, entropy is the randomness or disorder in a system,Continue reading “The Second Law of Thermodynamics”

Introduction. While this isn’t strictly a apologetics issue, it is loosely related, since the Old Testament has numerous passages that only make sense if interpreted within a flat Earth paradigm. And no small number of flat earthers justify their fierce defense of their bizarre beliefs, by pointing to the Bible. But to be clear: TheContinue reading “The Spherical Earth Conspiracy”

The Argument from Morality has been framed in a variety of ways. The most prevalent today is as formulated by William Lane Craig, or some similar variant. Craig states the moral argument as follows: 1. If God does not exist, objective moral values do not exist. 2. Objective moral values do exist. 3. Therefore, GodContinue reading “The Moral Argument for God”

A topic commonly discussed by Christian apologists is that of morality. There are three common arguments: They declare that the atheist has no basis for making moral decisions, whereas Christianity has an absolute basis for morality, given to us by God in the Bible. This argument is often supplemented by accusations that the atheist isContinue reading “The Myth of Objective Morality”

It would be a mistake to declare the Bible to be either pro-choice or pro-life. While there are several verses relevant to the discussion, none condemn abortion, and none suggest that women should have a choice in the matter. In fact, since the Bible is overtly patriarchal throughout, any decisions with respect to the unbornContinue reading ““Abortion is OK” – God”

Blaise Pascal was a brilliant 17th century mathematician, physicist, and inventor.  He made enormous scientific and mathematical contributions from his teens, through his early 30s.  At age 31, following a religious conversion, he shifted much of his focus to religion and philosophy, becoming (unfortunately) somewhat less productive in mathematics and science in the process.  Pascal’sContinue reading “Pascal’s Wager”

In my debates with Christians, I sometimes discuss my opinion that, when read objectively, the Bible and Christian theology make no rational sense. Some examples: God sacrificed his son (who is also himself) to himself, as the means of absolving the sins of many billions of humans, past, present, and future. Jesus died, went to hell,Continue reading “Irrationality of Christian Theology”